The Valley :: Andes Ecuador The Awakening Valley Papers

The Valley - Awake! In 1946, John Collier, Jr. also, Anã ­bal Buitrã ³n composed The Awakening Valley, recounting to the narrative of a social marvel occurring in Ecuador - in the valley at the foot of Tiata Imbabura. (1, spread) In 1993, forty after three years, I set foot in that equivalent zone and found a valley, not arousing, however alert! My child, Matt, and I were going by transport, north out of Quito, on our approach to Colombia. (4) We had been encouraged to be in Otavalo on an end of the week to encounter the celebrated market. Much to our dismay that this excursion would advance into a lot more outings and to unique associations with the individuals living in this valley, high in the Andes. Ecuador, among the littlest and generally pristine of South American countries, owes its name to its geographic area - with on leg on each side of the equator. (6, p. 59) The Andes isolate into two equal chains in Ecuador - the western and the eastern, which run like twin spinal segments from north to south. The valley wherein most Ecuadorians live, and where the vast majority of the mountain zones agrarian produce is developed, runs for around 400 kilometers in the middle. About thirty volcanoes serve to fence in the valley from either side. The profound waterway valleys (hoyas) are home to farming networks whose lifestyle appears to have stayed unaltered for quite a long time. (6, p. 64) A book composed by Linda A. Newsom, Life and Death in Early Colonial Ecuador, and audited by Mary A. Y. Gallagher, (2) starts with an examination at or not long before the moment that the Ecuadorian sierra started to be consolidated into the Inca Empire (ca. 1460). She portrays in incredible detail what can be surmised about the preconquest populace of Ecuador’s districts: sierra, coast and Oriente. She at that point portrays the unfortunate effect of Inca entrance and incomplete success of Ecuador, and of the delayed wars despite everything being battled there when Spanish brought Ecuador’s first provincial period to a sudden end and started another arrangement of attacks which repressed and diminished the indigenous populace over various years. This history, bound with the attack of the Incas and the Spanish greatly affected this little nation.

The Silence Of The Lambs Essay -- Silence Lambs Cannibalism Essays

The Silence of The Lambs      Clarice Starling, an understudy planning for an actual existence in the FBI, chases a sequential executioner by utilization of dubious data given to her by a detained therapist. Hannibal â€Å"The Cannibal† Lecter transfers data to Clarice in trade for data about herself. The executioner, referred to just as Wild ox Bill, seizes enormous ladies, keeps them alive for a couple of days, lastly skins them. Clarice neutralizes time as Buffalo Bill takes his freshest casualty, a U.S. Congressperson's little girl, and the commencement to death starts. The Silence of the Lambs was picked for the title since it is Clarice Starling's definitive objective for the bloodcurdling shouts of the sheep in her bad dreams to stop. At the point when she was more youthful, she saw the butchering of a crowd of sheep and right up 'til the present time she stirs appalled a few evenings to get away the bad dreams that she so aches to end. She accepts where it counts that in the event that she gets Buffalo Bill herself she will rest sufficiently in the quietness of the sheep.      My first understanding of Clarice was that she was splendid and perceptive. She peruses individuals well overall and rushes to make an exact judgment, as in with Frederick Chilton, the jail superintendent. I accepted that she was an exceptionally tough lady and was mindful so as to create the impression that approach to other people.      Clarice Starling had an enormous change in herself. She started the story with a cautious attitude; a hazard would have been incredible. She was continually ensuring she w...

How Strong Is the Louisiana Superdome Roof

In August 2005, the Louisiana Superdome became a shelter of last resort as Hurricane Katrina set sights on New Orleans. Although 30 years old and built in a floodplain, the structure stood firm and saved the lives of thousands of people. How strong is  the Louisiana Superdome? Fast Facts: New Orleans' Superdome Construction: August 1971 to August 1975Land space: 52 acres (210,000 square meters)Area of roof: 9.7 acres (440,000 square feet)Height: 273 feet (82.3 meters)Dome diameter: 680 feet (210 meters)Main arena floor: 162,434 square feetMaximum seating: 73,208UBU  synthetic turf: 60,000 square feetCost (1971–1975): $134 million; Post-Katrina renovations and enhancements: $336 millionFun Fact: Host of more Super Bowls than any other stadium Building the Superdome The Superdome, also known as Mercedes-Benz Superdome, is a public/private New Orleans, Louisiana (NOLA), project designed by New Orleans native Nathaniel Buster Curtis (1917–1997) of Curtis Davis Architects. The contractors were Huber, Hunt Nichols. A domed structure is not a new idea—the concrete dome of the Pantheon in Rome has provided shelter for the gods since the second century. The 1975 Louisiana Superdome was not even the first large-domed sports arena to be built in the U.S.; the 1965 Houston Astrodome in Texas provided nearly a decades worth of experience for the NOLA architects. The design mistakes of the Astrodome would not be repeated. The new NOLA dome would not include skylight glare to impede the vision of the players below it. The Superdome would not even try to grow grass inside. Many sports stadia have playing fields below ground level, which allows the buildings height to be modest on the outside. A good example is the 2010 Meadowlands Stadium in New Jersey, whose exterior facade disguises the lower location of the field below ground level. This type of stadium design would not work in the flood-prone Mississippi River Delta. Because of a high water table, the 1975 Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans was built on a platform atop a three-story underground parking garage. Thousands of concrete pilings hold the steel frame exterior, with an additional tension ring to hold the weight of the enormous domed roof.  The diamond-shaped steel framework of the dome was placed onto the ring support all in one piece. Architect Nathaniel Curtis explained in 2002: This ring, capable of withstanding the massive thrusts of the dome structure, is made of 1-1/2-inch-thick steel and prefabricated in 24 sections that were welded together 469 feet in the air. Because the strength of the welds is critical to the strength of the tension ring, they were performed by a specially trained and qualified welder in the semicontrolled atmosphere of a tent house which was moved around the rim of the building from one weld to another. Each individual weld was x-rayed to ensure the perfection of the vital joints. On 12 June 1973, the entire roof, weighing 5,000 tons, was jacked down onto the tension ring in one of the most delicate and critical operations of the whole construction process. The Superdome Roof The Superdome roof is nearly 10 acres in area. It has been described as the worlds largest domed structure (measuring the interior floor area). Fixed dome construction fell from popularity in the 1990s, and several other domed stadiums have closed. The 1975 Superdome has survived its engineering.  The Superdomes roof system consists of 18-gauge sheet-steel panels laid down over the structural steel, writes architect Curtis. On top of this is polyurethane foam one inch thick, and finally, a sprayed-on layer of Hypalon plastic. Hypalon  was a state-of-the-art weatherproofing rubber material by Dupont. Cranes and helicopters helped place the steel panels in place, and it took another 162 days to spray on the Hypalon coating. The Louisiana Superdome was designed to resist wind gusts up to 200 miles per hour. However, in August 2005, Hurricane Katrinas 145 mph winds blew away two metal sections of the Superdome roof while more than 10,000 people sought shelter inside. Although many hurricane victims were frightened, the architecture remained structurally sound in part because of a 75-ton media center hanging from the roofs interior. This gondola of televisions is designed to act as a counterweight, and it kept the entire roof in place during the storm. The roof did not collapse or blow away. Post-Katrina Louisiana Superdome, August 30, 2005. Dave Einsel/Getty Images (cropped) Although people got wet and the roof needed repair, the Superdome remained structurally sound. Many victims of the hurricane were transported to Reliant Park in Houston, Texas, for temporary shelter in the Astrodome. The Superdome Reborn Prepping for Repair, Louisiana Superdome Roof, October 19, 2005. Chris Graythen/Getty Images (cropped) Soon after the hurricane survivors left the shelter of the Louisiana Superdome, the roof damage was assessed and repaired. Thousands of tons of debris were removed and several upgrades were made. Ten thousand pieces of metal decking were examined or installed, coated with inches of polyurethane foam  and then several layers of urethane coating. In 13 short months, the Louisiana Superdome reopened to remain one of the most advanced sports facilities in the nation. The Superdome roof has become an icon of the city of New Orleans, and, like any structure, is the source of continual care and maintenance. Repairing the Louisiana Superdome, May 9, 2006. Mario Tama/Getty Images (cropped) Sources Karen Kingsley, Curtis and Davis Architects, knowlouisiana.org Encyclopedia of Louisiana, edited by David Johnson, Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, March 11, 2011, http://www.knowlouisiana.org/entry/curtis-and-davis-architects. [accessed March 15, 2018]Nathaniel Curtis,  FAIA,  My Life In Modern Architecture, The University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2002, pp. 40, 43, http://www.curtis.uno.edu/curtis/html/frameset.html [accessed May 1, 2016]National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (OMB No. 1024-0018) prepared by Phil Boggan, State Historic Preservation Officer, December 7, 2015, https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/15001004.pdfSuper Bowl Press Kit February  3, 2013, www.superdome.com/uploads/SUPERDOMEMEDIAKIT_12113_SB.pdf [accessed January 27, 2013]Mercedes-Benz Superdome Renovations, http://www.aecom.com/projects/mercedes-benz-superdome-renovations/ [accessed March 15, 2018]Kim Bistromowitz and Jon Henson, Superdome, Super Roof,Roofing C ontractor, February 9, 2015, https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/90791-superdome-super-roof-iconic-mercedes-benz-superdome-in-new-orleans-sports-its-brightest-look-yetAdditional photo credits: Meadowlands interior LI-Aerial/Getty Images; Meadowlands exterior Gabriel Argudo Jr, gargudojr on flickr.com, Creative Commons 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)

Shakespeares King Lear - The Redemption of King Lear Essay

The Redemption of King Lear It is said that no other playwright illustrates the human condition like William Shakespeare. Furthermore, it is said that no other play illustrates the human condition like King Lear. The story of a bad king who becomes a good man is truly one of the deepest analyses of humanity in literary history; and it can be best seen through the evolution of Lear himself. In essence, King Lear goes through hell in order to compensate for his sins. Lears relationship with his three daughters, Goneril, Regan and Cordelia, is, from the beginning, very uncharacteristic of the typical father-daughter relationship. Its clear that the king is more interested in words than true feelings, as he†¦show more content†¦When he chooses to abdicate his throne and puts each of the young women on trial, he commits the sin that leads to his downfall. Its clear that Lears first motive for giving up his title is to gain further respect from his people - if he relinquishes his crown then hell be thought of as noble and aware of his old age. However, Cordelias surprising answer to his question results in her banishment, and eventually the banishment of the Earl of Kent, Lears former supporter. Left in the aftermath of these acts are the people who wish to use Lear in their favor. Persuaded by Edmund, Lears older daughters begin to abuse their new power. Feeling emotionally jilted and vengeful, they take everything from their fa ther. Lear is now just a vulnerable old man, naked and virtually alone. Truly, Lear is at fault for all of this as his favoritism for Cordelia has scarred Goneril and Regan, thus driving them to commit their treacherous acts. These acts represent the first stages of Lears hell. Lear, through his daughters betrayal, finds himself struggling to survive in the middle of an overwhelming tempest. Now mad, the king finds shelter with Gloucester, his Fool and Edgar, posing as a madman. King Lear decides to hold a second trial of his daughters; but this time, he is questioning all their love. This second of three trials in the play is possibly the mostShow MoreRelated Tragic Redemption of King Lear Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragic Redemption of King Lear Shakespeares ultimate Tragedy, King Lear, is indeed a dark and soul-harrowing play. The tragic madness of King Lear, and of the subsequent turmoil that follows from it, is all the more terrible for the kings inability to cope with the loss of his mind, his family, and his pride. This descent into horror culminates at the tragic conclusion, where both the innocent and the guilty die for others mistakes and lack of judgment. And yet, as bleakRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of King Lear1310 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear, one of William Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, depicts a society in uninviting circumstances. 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Google Glass Project free essay sample

Will Google, Inc. ’s Google glasses be successful in the market of the new headphone technical field? On June 28, Google unveiled its Project Glass demo at Google I/O in San Francisco. The attendees watched a real-time video taken by the Google’s Project Glasses that were worn by a group of skydivers who jumped from an airplane. This glass will lead people into a new generation of high-tech products. However, how can Google make a successful release for Google glasses? This will be related to the fate of the entire Google company. Google is one of the best companies in the world now. By providing the most popular and powerful search engines and bringing the market various innovative products, it has achieved a huge amount of loyal users. Most of these users are willing to seek information, gain knowledge, and be well acquainted with all that revolves around the environment they live in, which makes them potential buyers or at least followers of the new Project Glass. Besides, Google’s numerous and diversified products, such as Android, Google+, Google Map, Google Talk, Chrome and Gmail, they can all be integrated with Project Glass and form a complete system for users. On the other hand, a wearable computer (or smartphone) is a totally new market, so as the first company to step in, it is easy for Google to establish its leading position in this industry. In order for Google glasses to be successful in the technological market, the glasses need to be safe, perfected, and advertised well. Firstly, Google glass is a special product as navigation tool. On October 31st, there was news about illegally wearing Google glasses while driving by a CNN report. After this report, Google had to prove its products are suitable for driving. According to media reports from CNN, a woman named Cecilia Abadie recently posted a traffic ticket through the social networking sites. The first charge is a ticket for speeding, the second charge is â€Å"the driver is using a visual display screen during one’s driving,† that is because of her Google Glass (2013). The police think she is not safe while driving with Google glasses. According to Kelly (2013), â€Å"The California law cited in Abadies case is meant to prevent people from watching television while driving. V C 27602 prohibits televisions and similar monitors from being turned on and facing the driver. There are exceptions for GPS and mapping tools and screens that display camera feeds to help the driver navigate. If a device has a safety feature that limits its display to approved uses while driving, it can be allowed† (CNN, 2013) Earlier this year, the U. S. lawmakers proposed to amend the traffic safety rules to prohibit the wearable display device used in the car, but the bill has not passed yet. Therefore, driving with Google Glass is legitimate or not is still inconclusive. In this regard, Abadie said the United States government has not defined the law very clearly because the glasses are less likely than the GPS navigation function or a smartphone to distract drivers. She also said she did not use Google Glass anymore before she was stopped by the police, and she would â€Å"appeal† this case. Driving while wearing Google Glass is one of the most special functions for Google Glass. Consumers will not purchase a product that may cause wearers to get traffic tickets. People want something legal to use. If Google Glass is illegal for driving, Google will lose plenty of Google Glass buyers. People need Google to prove to the government and the public that Google Glass can be allowed on the road and safe for driving. Kelly stated, â€Å"There are a lot of people who think navigating with Google Glass is safer than the other navigation devices. Glass fans defended the technology in comments on Abadies post, saying that a voice-activated screen close to the eye could actually be safer than trying to check a smartphone or other monitor while driving† (CNN, 2013). Even people think Google Glass is safe for using, Google company still should prove their new product to the U. S. government. â€Å"Glass is far safer than any other means of information delivery. It is out of your view and not distracting,† said Aaron Kasten (as cited by Kelly, 2013). Secondly, wearing electronic product is not ready for people to use. The main reason people like to buy Google glasses is because people feel curious about a headphone. Google has already designed many generations of the Google Glass. So, Google has to make their products more and more prefect, and then Google can win the headphone market. Google. Inc. is a very strong and large company. Precisely because Google has not been making products, it will not necessarily be good at the high-tech product developing area. In this area, Apple, Nokia and Samsung, are the most experienced three companies for developing the high-tech products in the world. â€Å"Even we just released iPhone 5s now, our group has already focus on researching iPhone 6 or iPhone 7,† said Philip W. Schiller who is a marketing manager in Apple. Inc. (2013, para. #4). When these companies release a new product to the market, the technology of the second generation or third generation product has been studied very maturely. The Google company is famous and good at web researching. In early of 2013, Google acquired Motorola Mobile Phone Company. Google is not good at these high-tech research and development of hardware products. As becoming from a network enterprise into a productive enterprise, Google is inexperienced about new high-tech production. To be able to develop better products and has a broad market, the entire thing Google to do is establishing an evolving plan; Google should have studied Google Glass 2 or more already. Thirdly, the marketing plan that Google already did was not suitable for a new high-tech product at the beginning of its marketing strategy. Google can learn something from Apple, and change their marketing plan as Apple did. Most of Google’s products are operation systems, software and online services. It seldom produces hardware. So whether they can successfully make a qualified new-generation device is uncertain. Besides, due to technology reasons, the price of Project Glass must be very high (the version that is available to developers in 2013 will cost 1500 dollars. ) That can be the most important reason that keeps consumers from buying it. At the same time, being the first one also means lack of information and feedback from the market. If some unexpected problems happen and people are left with a bad first impression, it is difficult for Project Glass’ development. Now Google’s approach is that they told the world they are going to develop a Google glass, and asking whether people like the glass or not. According to the latest survey by Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University, the most people expressed no interest in buying Google Glass. At the same time, many media companies have published a negative perception about Google glass. Google should be more confident about its products and ideas even if it is the first step to this new market. Creating a mysterious atmosphere to consumers before the product is released will achieve better sales just like Apple did when the iPhone came out. If Google had not told people about the invention of the Google Glass until the launch, and people only heard some rumors about Google glass unofficially, then people might have looked forward to this as a cross-culture product. Consumers might not have given too much negative reactions because Google had not released any information about the new product. Once the product is released, Google Glass will achieve successful sales because of the curiosity from consumers. Google now is testing products to consumers at a very high price. It is a good way to take suggestions from the buyers to develop better products for Google. However, this is not a good way of marketing. A high-tech product cannot be perfect during the first generation. It needs to constantly be updated again and again. The key to the success of the first generation for the high-tech products, such as Google glass is not how good it is, but how special it is. In order for a better innovation, Google definitely can do the review after releasing the first generation of Google glass. It is expensive to publicize a product before it is released to the public, but this is a good way to profit in the long run. Apple is a great case. Nobody knew Apple would sell smartphones before the first iPhone was released in 2006. At that time, the smartphone was a new technological idea. Apple became the biggest seller of smartphones in the world since they made an iPhone. As people know, the first iPhone is not the best smartphone, but it sold successfully. The important thing is that Apple sold not just a smartphone, but a special Apple idea. Due to this successful case, Google can do the same thing in the headphone field. Apple Inc. may release an Apple iWatch in a few years. However, Apple did not accept this hearsay through any official channels because people cannot buy any testing iWatch products from Apple. A questionnaire on their website asks â€Å"given the decision between purchasing a smart watch or smart glasses, which would people buy? † Enewcomer (2013) analyzed â€Å"Thirty-eight percent of those surveyed opted for smart watches compared with 10% for smart glasses, according to a survey we commissioned of 417 Americans on SurveyMonkey Audience. Forty-five percent chose neither, while 6% chose both† (para, 4). The result shows most people would love to buy a smart watch not a smart glass, such as Google Glass. Why? People don’t know about how good the smart watch will be, but they already know how insignificant the smart glass was. So, it will be better for Google to release the new product directly not as a testing product with a high price before marketing the next generation of Google Glass. In conclusion, Google has to make Google glasses legal and safe, perfected and more perfect, and distribute it accurately. Google Glasses is a good idea because people may want to wear a smartphone. This allows human technology life to step into a new era. Google Glass is a good example of technology changing lives.

The effect of growth medium on duckweed growth Essay Example Essay Example

The effect of growth medium on duckweed growth Essay Example Paper The effect of growth medium on duckweed growth Essay Introduction Duckweed (Lemna minor) is a common plant that floats in water and is common to stagnant water such as ponds. According to Texas AM University Duckweed is the smallest flowering plant on earth. It is thought duckweed helps to reduce pollution levels. Duckweed is quick growing new leaves. The plant undergoes asexual reproduction by splitting into two (or more) new plants.CharacteristicsDuckweed plants consist of between two or three leaves known as fronds; these fronds are commonly between 1/6th and 1/8th of an inch in length.HabitatDuckweeds grow in large colonies on the surface of calm water, and more than one species can grow in the same body of water.WarningDuckweed grows rapidly and can aggressively invade pods and bodies of water. It can disrupt marine ecosystems. If the Duckweed grows rapidly and covers the body of water it can prevent light from reaching plants that live on the bottom of the pond. This can then cause fish that feed on the plants to die. It can also reduce the l evels of oxygen in the pond water.BenefitsDuckweed plants do provide a habitat for micro invertebrates. Duckweed plants grow best in nitrogen rich environments. This is especially high in polluted ponds. This means the plant is especially good in cleaning polluted ponds.Factors that affect the growth of plantsThe major difference between distilled water and that obtained from the tap; is that distillation removes the minerals that are found in tap water. Distilled water does not have the fluoride, chloride or trace amounts of sodium found in tap water.Soil contains a complex mixture array of minerals; it is this in combination with water, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen that forms the soil solution. Plants are thought to use sixteen elements in order to grow successfully. Of the sixteen, twelve are found primarily in the soil.Plants are presently recognized to utilize sixteen elements in order to sustain growth. Of these sixteen elements twelve are minerals found primarily in the soil. This is the part of this particular chapter where we could easily go into a litany of items on the periodic table of elements, but we’ll stick to the basics.Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are said to be non mineral. Carbon forms the organic skeleton of the plant. This is taken up from the atmosphere with the absorption of carbon dioxide. This is fixed to make sugars during photosynthesis.Oxygen is needed for respiration to take place in the plant. In this process energy is created by the breakdown of the sugars that are made during photosynthesis. Oxygen combines with hydrogen to form water. Water makes up a large proportion of the mass of any plant. Water is used to transport minerals and sugars produced during photosynthesis.Magnesium – is essential for many of the functions inside of the plant. It is an essential element of the chlorophyll molecule. It is an enzyme activator and constituent of many of the enzymes in a plant. Magnesium deficiency sy mptoms in tomato (Epstein and Bloom 2004). Leaves are often a pale green colour (due to the effect on chlorophyll). Some of the leaf margins will curl upwards or turn red-brown to a purple colour.Manganese -The leaves will show a light interveinal chlorosis developed under a limited supply of Mn. The early stages of the chlorosis induced by manganese deficiency are somewhat similar to iron deficiency. Manganese deficiency symptoms in tomato (Epstein and Bloom 2004)Nitrogen – deficiency will affect the rate at which the plant will grow. The older leaves at the bottom of the plant will first turn a yellow-greenish colour, then yellow, red or even purple. The newer leaves at the top of the plant will turn slightly yellowish-green. The colour change is due to the destruction of chloroplasts.Phosphorus deficient plants are often stunted and short in stature. The stalks that develop are weak and thin and appear spindly. Purple veins may appear on the leaves or the leaves may turn p urplish. Older leaves may appear bluish-green.Sulphur deficiency resembles that of Nitrogen, but it appears first in younger leaves with them pale-yellow or light green.Iron deficient leaves show strong chlorosis at the top of the plant and then moves down to the bottom. Leaves turn a yellow colour but keep there green veins.Potassium deficient leaves show marginal tip burn. As the deficiency progresses death occurs in the interveinal spaces between the main veins along with interveinal chlorosis.Biological AimThe aim of this experiment is to determine what effect the lack on minerals has on the growth of a plant.HypothesisAs fertiliser contains all of the necessary minerals that a plant will need to grow, the duckweed grown in fertiliser will produce the most leaflets. As tap water contains some minerals (chloride etc), duckweed will grow better in this than in distilled water that contains no minerals.Null HypothesisThe duckweed will not be affected by the absence of minerals and therefore there will be no difference between the number of leaflets in the three experiments.EquipmentThe equipment used was a described in the NEC handoutMethodThe method was conducted as described in the NEC handoutVariablesIndependent variable = the conditions in which the duckweed is grownConstant variablesNeed to make sure that the volume of liquid added to each of the containers is the same amount. This ensures that any effect of growth rate is not as a result of the amount of water added.The duckweed is taken from the same area of the pond this should ensure that the pond weed has gown in the same nutrients and environmental conditions.The duckweed taken from the pond is of a proportionate size. That the samples have the same amount of leaflets.Risk assessmentThere is a risk of infectious diseases such as weil’s disease from contaminated water supplies. It is therefore essential that precautions are taken when placing hands into the water. All open wounds on the hands should be covered and vinyl gloves warn when coming into contact. Also care must be taken when around ponds, ensure that no risks are taken to get hold of the duckweed.ResultsDayTreatmentDistilled WaterTap WaterWith fertiliserNumber of leafletsNumber of leafletsNumber of leaflets12Mean12Mean12mean133333333343334447887344576131213104447881815171345591110252123164551113123229311955512151444424322566131715585758Table 1 shows the number of leaflets on each duckweed plant grown under different conditionsDayTreatmentDistilled WaterNumber of leaflets121Leaves are normalLeaves are normal4Leaves are normalLeaves are normal7New leaflets a light interveinal chlorosisNew leaflets a light interveinal chlorosis10New leaflets a light interveinal chlorosisNew leaflets a light interveinal chlorosis13More â€Å"newer† of the leaf is turning yellowishMore â€Å"newer† of the leaf is turning yellowish16All of the leaves including older leaves turning yellowAll of the leaves including old er leaves turning yellow19All of the leaves including older leaves turning yellowAll of the leaves including older leaves turning yellow22Most leaves are now yellowMost leaves are now yellowTap WaterNumber of leaflets12Leaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalNewer leaflets are much smaller and growing less rapidlyNewer leaflets are much smaller and growing less rapidlyNewer leaflets are much smaller and growing less rapidlyNewer leaflets are much smaller and growing less rapidlyWith fertiliserNumber of leaflets12Leaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalLeaves are normalGraph 1 shows the effect of minerals on the growth of leaflets on DuckweedThe plants grown in distilled water show very little difference in the amount of leaflets that grew on the duckweed plant. It also showed the smallest amount of growth in overall size. The growth of the duckweed is due to the minerals held in the plant, those minerals absorbed from the pond. As the duckweed ages the minerals are used up, there are no new minerals being replaced and the plant starts to show deficiencies in many of the minerals by the loss of chlorophyll and turn yellow.The duckweed grown in the tap water like the one grown in the distilled water retains minerals from the pond. There are some minerals in the tap water that aid grow this is shown by more leaflets growing in the later stages of the experiment. However if this experiment was elongated the amount of new leaflets would decrease that the plant would plateau as in the distilled water. This is due toany nutrients in the tap water being used up by the plant. The plant would also begin to exhibit phenotypic symptoms of nutrient deficieny such as yellow leaves.Plants grown in the fertiliser have the greatest rate of growth. The rate at which new leaves is not slowing and all leaves are a healthy green colour. This is because the nutrients that were in the plants from the pond are being replaced by excess minerals in the fertilisers. The longer the experiment proceeds the greater the rate of leaflet growth. This is shown by an increase in the gradient of the graph.ANOVA: Single FactorSUMMARYGroupsCountSumAverageVarianceColumn 18334.1250.839286Column 28718.87519.76786Column 38193.524.1875346.8527ANOVASource of VariationSSdfMSFP-valueF critBetween Groups1758.7712879.38547.1794410.0042083.4668Within Groups2572.21921122.4866Total4330.9923With a p value of 0.01 we can reject the null hypothesis and accept the hypothesis with a confidence of 99%. This means that there is a significant difference in the growth of leaflets in plants grown in different mediums. It sugg ests that minerals have a significant difference in the growth of plants.EvaluationAlthough this experiment shows the effect that minerals and the lack of minerals have on plant growth. This is all that it tells use. It makes no advancement to our knowledge of the effect of individual minerals to plants. This would have been overcome by the use of Sachs solutions which are specifically designed to have a single nutrient deficiency. This would then show how the effect of removing one nutrient would have on the phenotype of a plants growth.There was also a problem with water loss from the containers probably due to evaporation from the container and the leaves of the plant. No attempt was made to replace the loss fluid. This could then have had an effect on the growth of the plants. Before the experiment started I should have marked the meniscus of the water and then topped up the volume with distilled water.The health of the duckweed plants used was not investigated at the beginning of the experiment. Even though the duckweed was taken from the same area of the pond, some of the samples could have been diseased. If I would have had time I could of investigated this by growing all of the duckweed in nutrient rich water for a few weeks before replacing them in the new mediums. This would have meant all of the samples would have been healthy and disease free.I also noticed that to the end of the experiment algae was growing in the tap water and fertiliser samples. This could have some effect on the rate of plant growth. To prevent this, the water could have been boiled and cooled before adding in the plant. The effect of growth medium on duckweed growth Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Hurt People Hurt People Essays

Hurt People Hurt People Essays Hurt People Hurt People Paper Hurt People Hurt People Paper Dr. Wilson opens her book by stating, â€Å"It’s true, isn’t it? Hurt people hurt people. † (2001 pg. 9) It is Dr. Wilson’s belief that by shedding light on Hurt People Hurt People she shows a cycle that can be broken. Wilson explores unseen wounds, how they are created through childhood, and caretakers within our lifetime. Dr. Wilson exhaustively demonstrates the help there is for the different wounds and how to heal them. She provides information for healing self inflected wounds, worshipers and parents. Wilson concludes her thoughts with help f or hopeful tomorrow. Dr. Wilson believes when hurts are to seen it does not mean they are not real. Unfortunately in society it is reinforced if the wound is not bleeding or unseen they are not real. Wilson says, â€Å"Many doubt the reality of wounds unless a person can display scars from physical abuse. † (2001, pg. 27) Dr. Wilson shows the beginning of a cycle. When unseen wounds go unrecognized how are they ever healed? Not only do the wounds go unhealed but now there are more hurt people. â€Å"If I’m correct in my assertion that hurt people hurt people, we have a major problem. By ignoring scores of hurt people because their injuries remain invisible to us, we are creating a new generation of hurtful people. † (2001, pg. 26) She elaborates on shame and how it is related with the unseen wounds. â€Å"Shame is rooted in the lie that human beings can and should be perfect. † (2001, pg. 17) By understanding shame the author enables the reader to make the connection between shame and unseen wounds can blind and bind us. It is unfortunate, as this continues the cycle of how hurt people hurt people. Dr. Wilson continues by discussing liars and thieves which surprisingly enough is base on parents. By stealing security, stability and safety parents put their children in situations which cause wounds. There are several examples of each item listed above and some of the outcomes. She discusses physical and sexual abuse in detail. â€Å"Parents and other adult authority figures who neglect and abuse children in these figures who neglect and abuse children in these and other ways are truest bandits. They steal a child’s capacity for trust with profound effect on the child’s later relationships with God and others. † (2001, pg. 54) By misrepresenting the truths of parenting Wilson exposes how much damage parents inflict upon their children. Children who do not grow up with security, safety, and validation they fail to see their self worth. Healing works on several levels, Dr. Wilson gives different ideals to deal with healing self concept and perfectionism wounds. She tells the reader to know the difference among self focused and self awareness, learning who you are and how you characterize yourself. â€Å"As healing progresses you will continually redefine yourself as you reevaluate the events of your childhood in way that accept them as parts of your personal history without letting them claim the core of your identity. † (2001, pg. 117) Wilson provides a worshipers’ H. O. P. E Chart, this is a healing overview and progress evaluation chart. She breaks down key issues, seeing truth, new choices and new practices. This allows the reader to assess regions of spiritual wounds. This can be very effective in individual growth. She also providers a similar chart for parents and forgivers. Wilson concludes her book with help for hopeful tomorrows. She delves into hope and why we need it. â€Å"God has a plan for the effects of our hurting and hurtful lives, the effects that we would prefer to have Him remove. † (2001, pg. 235) She leads the reader back to God, who is the healer of all things and this is where our hope originates from. By showing the reader even in the midst of all of our imperfections, wounds, and hurts He is there with and everlasting love and ability to heal. â€Å"Of all hopes this is the greatest: the promise of God’s everlasting love. He plasters that promise from one end of His Word to the other. We come bruised, broken and bound. Jesus comes healing, mending, and releasing. † (2001, pg. 240) She shows the reader there is no greater hope than this in Christ Jesus. Evaluation Dr. Wilson giver her interpretation of Hurt People Hurt People. By showing how people are hurt through childhood, self inflicted hurts, and unseen wounds she paints a picture of why and how we now have a new generation of hurt people. Wilson goes further to give some solutions as to how to heal these hurt people. I believe Dr. Wilson did achieve her intended purpose to demonstrate why hurt people hurt people. It sounds like a cliche, but it was very true. Her argument was logical and well supported by her examples and statistical data. This book taught how to look below the surface of hurt people. By examining closer the reasons behind the wounds we are able to see how we can effectively counsel hurt people and break the cycle that always continues with the next generation. Dr. Wilson gave very many examples when explaining her work. She did include biblical references, but not as often as I have come accustomed to. I would like to see more interactive parts in the book. At the end of chapter she included a prayer, but I think by including more thought provoking questions at the end of each chapter it could have provided a better opportunity for change. There were also many times she could have incorporated Scriptures which could aid in the healing process, but she limited her Scripture quotes. Dr. Wilson gave a refreshing approach to an old problem. She gave in depth information as it applied to the corresponding chapter. By having the reader to take a close look at the cycle that is perpetuated the Christian Counselor gains a different insight. This book is an easy read and could be used by Christian Counselors, Pastors and individuals seeking more information on this topic. As a social worker dealing with sex abuse, this was also useful for the field I am currently in, as Dr. Wilson was very detailed concerning sexual abuse. There are a many that shy away from it, or superficially cover the topic. She handled it very appropriately with excellent information. Wilson is not wordy and the book does flow easily from one chapter to the next. Overall Dr. Wilson did an excellent job allowing the reader to understand her approach. References Wilson, S. (2001). Hurt People Hurt People. Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House Publishers.